Diabetologia (Feb 2026). Analysis of 420,000+ sessions shows anaerobic exercise improves Time in Range (TIR) more effectively than aerobic activity.
ACSM Position Stand on Hypertrophy
American College of Sports Medicine (March 24, 2026). Confirms eccentric overload and volume (10+ sets) as primary drivers of hypertrophy.
High-Protein Whey & The AKT/mTOR Pathway
Nutrients (2025). Systematic Review. Confirms that 20–40g of high-quality protein increases MPS by up to 40% for 4–6 hours.
Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes: Pathophysiological & Therapeutic Relevance
Endocrine Reviews (Feb 2025). Clinical Review. Explores how peripheral hyperinsulinemia (from sub-Q injections) causes muscle-level insulin resistance, complicating glucose management during hypertrophy phases.
Effect of Exercise Based on ACSM Recommendations on Glycemic Management in Type 1 Diabetes
Wang et al. (Jan 2026). Systematic Review. Analyzed 14 RCTs showing that high adherence to structured exercise (resistance + aerobic) significantly lowers HbA1c compared to low-adherence or sporadic activity.
Low-Dose Glucagon to Prevent Exercise-Associated Hypoglycemia
Diabetes Care (August 20, 2025). Evaluated micro-dosing (100–300 μg) of glucagon. Found it increases blood glucose by ~1.5–2 mmol/L within 15 minutes, making it a viable alternative to “sugar loading” for unplanned exercise.
Implications of Stretch-Mediated Hypertrophy
Warneke et al. (June 6, 2025). Investigates how loading a muscle in its fully lengthened position (e.g., the bottom of a deep squat or chest fly) triggers unique growth pathways compared to mid-range movements.
Resistance Training Variables for Optimization of Muscle Hypertrophy: An Umbrella Review
Frontiers in Sports and Active Living (2022; updated 2025). Confirms that eccentric contractions (the lowering phase) are critical, and very slow repetitions (>10 seconds) actually hinder growth. Optimal volume is settled at ~10 sets/week per muscle.
Managing Exercise-Related Glycemic Events: Predictive Models
JMIR Diabetes (October 10, 2025). Development of high-quality models to predict hypoglycemia (≤70 mg/dL) specifically during and after exercise using CGM trends and carbohydrate intake.
Exercise and Type 1 Diabetes: Just 10 Minutes Can Help
HealthCentral (November 17, 2025). Observational study analyzing CGM data found that 10 minutes of vigorous exercise increased TIR by 2.3% and decreased time above range by 3.1% the following day.
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